Nutrition Fundamentals

What are the three macronutrients?

Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats

How many calories per gram does protein provide?

4 calories per gram

How many calories per gram does fat provide?

9 calories per gram

How many calories per gram do carbohydrates provide?

4 calories per gram

What is BMR?

Basal Metabolic Rate — the number of calories your body needs at rest to maintain basic life functions

What is dietary fiber?

Indigestible carbohydrate that aids digestion, found in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains

What are essential amino acids?

Amino acids the body cannot synthesize and must obtain from food (there are 9 essential amino acids)

What is the recommended daily water intake for adults?

Approximately 2.7 liters for women and 3.7 liters for men (from all beverages and food)

What are trans fats?

Unsaturated fats altered through hydrogenation, linked to increased heart disease risk

What is the difference between soluble and insoluble fiber?

Soluble fiber dissolves in water and helps lower cholesterol; insoluble fiber does not dissolve and promotes bowel regularity