Nephron Ion Transport

Question 1

1. In the early proximal tubule, glucose reabsorption on the luminal membrane occurs via which mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Na+ symport

Question 2

The descending limb of the loop of Henle is highly permeable to water primarily due to:

Accepted Answer

Aquaporin 1 (AQP1)

Question 3

The thin ascending limb of the loop of Henle is characteristically:

Accepted Answer

Impermeable to water

Question 4

Accepted Answer

Question 5

ROMK channels in the straight distal tubule are located on the:

Accepted Answer

Luminal surface

Question 6

Which of the following is co-transported with Na+ via symporters on the luminal membrane of the early proximal tubule?

Accepted Answer

Glucose, amino acids, phosphate

Question 7

On the luminal membrane of the early proximal tubule, H+ is moved via:

Accepted Answer

Antiport with Na+

Question 8

The Na+/HCO3- transporter on the basolateral membrane of the

Accepted Answer

Symporter

Question 9

The dominant mechanism of Cl- reabsorption in the late proximal tubule is:

Accepted Answer

Paracellular via tight junctions

Question 10

“Solvent drag” as a mechanism of solute reabsorption is most prominent in which segment?

Accepted Answer

Late proximal tubule

Question 11

Aquaporin 1 in the descending limb is located on the:

Accepted Answer

Luminal surface

Question 12

AQP1 aquaporins are primarily located in the:

Accepted Answer

Proximal convoluted tubule and descending loop of Henle

Question 13

NKCC2 in the thick ascending limb is located on the:

Accepted Answer

Luminal surface

Question 14

The NKCC2 transporter is found in which segment of the nephron?

Accepted Answer

Thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle

Question 15

ROMK channels can be found in which of the following nephron segments?

Accepted Answer

Thick ascending limb and late distal tubule/collecting duct

Question 16

On the basolateral membrane of the thick ascending limb, K+/Cl- movement occurs via a:

Accepted Answer

Symporter

Question 17

Which ions are reabsorbed paracellularly in the straight part of the distal tubule?

Accepted Answer

Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+

Question 18

The straight part of the distal tubule (thick ascending limb) is:

Accepted Answer

Impermeable to water

Question 19

In the early distal convoluted tubule, Ca2+ enters the luminal membrane via a:

Accepted Answer

Channel

Question 20

The Na+/Cl- symporter (NCC) in the early distal convoluted tubule is located on the:

Accepted Answer

Luminal surface

Question 21

The Na+/Cl- symporter (NCC), the target of thiazide diuretics, is located in the:

Accepted Answer

Distal convoluted tubule

Question 22

Ca2+ exits the cell on the basolateral membrane of the early distal tubule via a:

Accepted Answer

Antiporter

Question 23

Which basolateral transporter, in addition to Na+/Ca2+ antiport and Na+/K+ ATPase, is present in the early distal convoluted tubule?

Accepted Answer

KCl symporter

Question 24

In principal cells, K+ is secreted into the lumen via which channel?

Accepted Answer

ROMK

Question 25

The ENaC channel in principal cells is located on the:

Accepted Answer

Luminal surface

Question 26

Aquaporin 2 (AQP2) channels, regulated by ADH, are found on the:

Accepted Answer

Luminal surface

Question 27

ENaC channels, the target of drugs like amiloride, are located in which nephron segment?

Accepted Answer

Late distal tubule and collecting duct

Question 28

On the basolateral membrane of Type A intercalated cells, bicarbonate exits via a:

Accepted Answer

Cl-/HCO3- antiporter

Question 29

In Type B intercalated cells, H+ is extruded into the blood across the basolateral membrane by a/an:

Accepted Answer

H+ ATPase

Question 30

Which cell type is responsible for bicarbonate secretion in states of metabolic alkalosis?

Accepted Answer

Type B intercalated cells

Question 31

AQP2 aquaporins are located in the:

Accepted Answer

Late distal tubule and collecting duct (principal cells)

Question 32

On the basolateral membrane of principal cells, water permeability is provided by which aquaporins

Accepted Answer

Aquaporin 3 or 4

Question 33

Type A intercalated cells secrete H+ across the luminal membrane using:

Accepted Answer

An H+/K+ ATPase or H+ ATPase

Question 34

Intercalated cells (Type A and B) that regulate acid-base balance are located in the:

Accepted Answer

Late distal tubule and collecting duct

Nephron Ion Transport

Question Preview

Preview Complete!